Horsenettle is a erect perennial weed. The leaves of horsenettle alternate
on stems that contain spines. Horsenettle leaves range up to seven
inches in length and 1" — 2" wide with wavy to coarsely lobed
edges. The veins of the leaves as well as the petioles contains spines.
Horsenettle spreads by rhizomes and seeds. The flowers of Horsenettle are purple to white in color and occur in clusters on spiny flower-stalks. The anthers of
the flower are yellow. Flowers occur during the summer. The fruit is smooth globe shaped; the size of a marble. Fruits are light green in color with green coloring, but turn yellow at maturity.
Horsenettle is found in pastures, orchards and landscape beds. Horsenettle will grow in a variety of soil types, but does best in sand soils. Horsenettle is found in the eastern United States, west to Kansas and Texas.
CAUTION: All animals, including humans and pets, may be affected if horsenettle is ingested. All parts are potentially toxic; the berries are often higher in toxicity than other parts of the plant. Horsenettle and other nightshade plants cause problems with the gastrointestinal tract and can also affect the central nervous system. Signs can include abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, in coordination, weakness, depression, apparent hallucinations, convulsions, and possible death.
